Street cafe with sidewalk stools under trees in Hanoi

Foreign curriculum schools in Vietnam

In plain termsThis page files operator and curriculum rules for FDI / foreign-curriculum schools. It does not answer which school will enrol your child. Pupil-residency tests stay unpublished until a primary statute is filed.

Hanoi · street cafe · family daily life

Where are you settling?

FDI and international-curriculum supply clusters in the two metros. Statute below is national — city notes are orientation only.

Hồ Chí Minh CitySouth hub · FDI · schools HanoiNorth hub · embassies · HQ Other citiesĐà Nẵng · coast · parks

Hồ Chí Minh City
Largest concentration of international and bilingual campuses. Enrolment still depends on each school’s pack — residency tests for pupils are not published here.
Hanoi
Second major cluster for embassy and HQ families. Same NĐ 86 operator rules; no invented wait-list or fee cells.
Other cities
Thin supply outside the metros. Do not invent a public-school enrolment duty for foreign children — that gap stays published.

What an FDI school may run

FDI preschool and K–12 may run a foreign curriculum (

yes

Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 37 khoản 2 điểm b

Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh

Open primary URL

Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.

Vietnamese pupils on that curriculum
Vietnamese pupils on a foreign curriculum must stay under
yes
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 39
Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
.
Capital floors
Minimum FDI K–12 investment per pupil
50000000 VND
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
· total
50,000,000,000 VND
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
. Operating term capped at
50 years
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 30
Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
.
Enrolment — the unpublished door
Whether a foreign child needs a TRC to enrol, and whether a public Vietnamese school must take them, are not. A DH visa is a stay door — not an enrolment form. Silence here is the product — not a soft yes.

All cells

Evidence and sources5 dated facts for Foreign curriculum schools in Vietnam

The readable briefing above uses these cells. Open a source only when you need to verify a number, date, or legal gate.

FDI preschool/K–12 may run a foreign curriculum
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 37 khoản 2 điểm b
yes
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 37 khoản 2 điểm b
Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026
Vietnamese pupils on a foreign curriculum must be under 50% of that programme
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 39
yes
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 39
Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026
Minimum FDI K–12 investment per pupil
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
50000000 VND
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026
Minimum FDI K–12 total investment
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
50,000,000,000 VND
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026
Max FDI school operating term
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 30
50 years
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 30
Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026

Common questions

Can foreign-invested schools teach a foreign curriculum?

Yes — within the rules under NĐ 86/2018 for FDI / foreign-curriculum schools. That is the publishable supply layer.

Does my child need a TRC to enrol?

This page does not publish a residency test for foreign pupils — no primary statute was found for a clean yes/no. That gap is intentional, not an oversight.

Must public Vietnamese schools accept foreign children?

Not published here. An enrolment duty will not be invented from secondary posts.

Child born in Vietnam · Family purpose hub · Study purpose hub

School choice is a family consequence — passport tax overlays stay on the money pages.

Eight passports · Vietnam

Passport overlays for Vietnam

Passport	Treaty	Short-stay	Relief	Open
Australia	yes Source [1992] ATS 44; Australian Treasury income tax treaties list — status In force Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home, then centre of vital interests Source [1992] ATS 44 Article 4 paragraph 3 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source [1992] ATS 44 Article 15 paragraph 2(a) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source [1992] ATS 44 Art 15 / Art 23; nguon/AU_VN_DTA_1992_ATS44.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	AU → Vietnam tax
Singapore	yes Source SSO Income Tax (Singapore — Vietnam) Order 1994 — Agreement signed Hanoi 2 March 1994 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → mutual agreement Source SSO Order 1994 Art 4(2) — no nationality step before MAP (unlike some OECD models) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source SSO Order 1994 Art 15 — aggregate not exceeding 183 days in the calendar year (one limb) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source SSO Order 1994 Art 15 / Art 24; nguon/SG_VN_DTA_1994.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	SG → Vietnam tax
South Korea	yes Source Korea–Vietnam DTA 1994; MOFA treaty list; WTO Center English text Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source Korea–Vietnam DTA Art 4(2)(a)–(d) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source Korea–Vietnam DTA Art 15(2)(a) — present ≤183 days in any twelve-month period (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source Korea–Vietnam DTA Art 15 / Art 23; nguon/KR_VN_DTA_1994.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	KR → Vietnam tax
China	yes Source China–Vietnam DTA 1995; VN GDT treaty list; MFA treaty PDF Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source China–Vietnam DTA Art 4(2)(a)–(d) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source China–Vietnam DTA Art 15(2)(a) — ≤183 days in the calendar year (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source China–Vietnam DTA Art 15 / Art 23; nguon/CN_VN_DTA_1995.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	CN → Vietnam tax
Japan	yes Source Japan–Vietnam DTA 1995; MOF tax convention list; MOF synthesised text Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source Japan–Vietnam DTA Art 4(2)(a)–(d) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source Japan–Vietnam DTA Art 15 — ≤183 days in the calendar year (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source Japan–Vietnam DTA Art 15 / Art 23; nguon/JP_VN_DTA_1995.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	JP → Vietnam tax
United Kingdom	yes Source UK–Vietnam DTA 1994; SI 1994/3216; GOV.UK Vietnam tax treaties Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source SI 1994/3216 Schedule Art 4(2)(a)–(d) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source SI 1994/3216 Schedule Art 15 — 183 days within any 12 months (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source SI 1994/3216 Schedule Art 15 / Art 22; nguon/UK_VN_DTA_1994.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	UK → Vietnam tax
Canada	yes Source Canada–Vietnam Income Tax Agreement; treaty-accord.gc.ca id 102424; Income Tax Conventions Implementation Act, 1998 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source Canada–Vietnam Income Tax Agreement Art 4(2) — treaty-accord.gc.ca id 102424 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source Canada–Vietnam Agreement Art 15(2)(a) — present ≤183 days in any twelve-month period (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source Canada–Vietnam Income Tax Agreement Art 15 / Art 22; nguon/CA_VN_DTA.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	CA → Vietnam tax
United States	No treaty in force Art 4 yes Source No in-force US–Vietnam income tax treaty → no Art 4 dual-residence cascade between the two states Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	—	domestic foreign tax credit only (Form 1116) — no in-force treaty Source IRS A–Z treaty list — US–Vietnam signed not in force; nguon/US_VN_DTA_STATUS.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	US → Vietnam tax

Other headaches on Vietnam SSA · pensions · remittance · traps

Passport	SSA	Pensions	Foreign income	Home traps
AU	no Source DSS International social security agreements — Australia has agreements with 32 listed countries; Vietnam absent from current agreements and from agreements under negotiation on that page Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source [1992] ATS 44 Article 18 paragraph 1 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source au_vn_tax / AU-side traps — residency tests, CGT deemed disposal, superannuation reuse across destinations Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
SG	no Source Singapore has no bilateral social security / CPF totalisation agreement with Vietnam; CPF membership turns on SC/SPR status (CPF Board), not a VN SSA certificate path Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source SSO Order 1994 Art 18 — pensions taxable only in residence state (subject to Art 19) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/SG_SIDE_TRAPS.md — IRAS residence/territorial + IR21 + CPF leave; gates only Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
KR	yes Source MOFA Viet Nam treaty database / NPS — Agreement on social insurance between Korea and Viet Nam; EIF 1 January 2024 (Announcement 50/2023/TB-LPQT) Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Korea–Vietnam DTA Art 18 — pensions taxable only in residence state (subject to Art 19(2)) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/KR_SIDE_TRAPS.md — 183-day residence / worldwide / exit-tax gates; no dollar bills Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
CN	no Source MOHRSS — China bilateral social security agreements in force with listed partners (DE/KR/DK/FI/CA/CH/NL/ES/LU/JP/RS etc.) — Vietnam absent Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source China–Vietnam DTA Art 18(1) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/CN_SIDE_TRAPS.md — 183-day / worldwide / six-year gates Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
JP	no Source MHLW / JPS social security agreement country lists — Vietnam not among agreements in force; MOFA press release 18 July 2025 only announces commencement of intergovernmental negotiations Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Japan–Vietnam DTA Art 18 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/JP_SIDE_TRAPS.md — domicile/1yr / worldwide / exit tax gates Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
UK	no Source GOV.UK Reciprocal agreements + NI38 country lists do not include Vietnam as a UK social security agreement partner Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source SI 1994/3216 Schedule Art 18(1) — pensions/annuities taxable only in residence state (subject to Art 19(2)) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/UK_SIDE_TRAPS.md — HS278 / TCGA s10A / FIG regime; gates only, no dollar bills Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
CA	no Source CRA — Countries that have an international social security agreement with Canada — Vietnam absent from the published table (as of page update 2024-07-23) Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	15% Source Canada–Vietnam DTA Art 18(2) — periodic pension payments (other than social-security legislation) source tax ≤15% of gross Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/CA_SIDE_TRAPS.md — CRA emigrant dispositions / ITA s128.1; gates only Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
US	no Source SSA International Programs — Status of Totalization Agreements / POMS GN 01701.005 country table — Vietnam absent from agreements in force Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source IRS tax treaty tables / Pub 901 practice — Vietnam not listed as in-force income tax treaty partner; Nareif treaty table note: signed 2015 not yet in effect — with no in-force DTA there is no treaty pension article to allocate private pensions Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/US_SIDE_TRAPS.md — FBAR / Form 8938 / FEIE gates; PFIC & expatriation dollars not modelled Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.

What an FDI school may run

FDI preschool and K–12 may run a foreign curriculum (

yes

Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 37 khoản 2 điểm b

Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh

Open primary URL

Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.

Vietnamese pupils on that curriculum

Vietnamese pupils on a foreign curriculum must stay under

yes

Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 39

Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh

Open primary URL

Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.

Capital floors

Minimum FDI K–12 investment per pupil

50000000 VND

Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)

Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh

Open primary URL

Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.

· total

50,000,000,000 VND

Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)

Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh

Open primary URL

Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.

. Operating term capped at

50 years

Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 30

Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh

Open primary URL

Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.

Enrolment — the unpublished door

Whether a foreign child needs a TRC to enrol, and whether a public Vietnamese school must take them, are not. A DH visa is a stay door — not an enrolment form. Silence here is the product — not a soft yes.

All cells

Evidence and sources5 dated facts for Foreign curriculum schools in Vietnam

The readable briefing above uses these cells. Open a source only when you need to verify a number, date, or legal gate.

FDI preschool/K–12 may run a foreign curriculum
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 37 khoản 2 điểm b
yes
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 37 khoản 2 điểm b
Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026
Vietnamese pupils on a foreign curriculum must be under 50% of that programme
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 39
yes
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 39
Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026
Minimum FDI K–12 investment per pupil
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
50000000 VND
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026
Minimum FDI K–12 total investment
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
50,000,000,000 VND
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 35 khoản 2 (as amended)
Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026
Max FDI school operating term
NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 30
50 years
Source NĐ 86/2018/NĐ-CP Điều 30
Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh
Open primary URL
Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
checked Aug 2026

Common questions

Can foreign-invested schools teach a foreign curriculum?

Yes — within the rules under NĐ 86/2018 for FDI / foreign-curriculum schools. That is the publishable supply layer.

Does my child need a TRC to enrol?

This page does not publish a residency test for foreign pupils — no primary statute was found for a clean yes/no. That gap is intentional, not an oversight.

Must public Vietnamese schools accept foreign children?

Not published here. An enrolment duty will not be invented from secondary posts.

School choice is a family consequence — passport tax overlays stay on the money pages.

Eight passports · Vietnam

Passport overlays for Vietnam

Passport	Treaty	Short-stay	Relief	Open
Australia	yes Source [1992] ATS 44; Australian Treasury income tax treaties list — status In force Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home, then centre of vital interests Source [1992] ATS 44 Article 4 paragraph 3 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source [1992] ATS 44 Article 15 paragraph 2(a) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source [1992] ATS 44 Art 15 / Art 23; nguon/AU_VN_DTA_1992_ATS44.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	AU → Vietnam tax
Singapore	yes Source SSO Income Tax (Singapore — Vietnam) Order 1994 — Agreement signed Hanoi 2 March 1994 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → mutual agreement Source SSO Order 1994 Art 4(2) — no nationality step before MAP (unlike some OECD models) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source SSO Order 1994 Art 15 — aggregate not exceeding 183 days in the calendar year (one limb) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source SSO Order 1994 Art 15 / Art 24; nguon/SG_VN_DTA_1994.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	SG → Vietnam tax
South Korea	yes Source Korea–Vietnam DTA 1994; MOFA treaty list; WTO Center English text Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source Korea–Vietnam DTA Art 4(2)(a)–(d) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source Korea–Vietnam DTA Art 15(2)(a) — present ≤183 days in any twelve-month period (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source Korea–Vietnam DTA Art 15 / Art 23; nguon/KR_VN_DTA_1994.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	KR → Vietnam tax
China	yes Source China–Vietnam DTA 1995; VN GDT treaty list; MFA treaty PDF Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source China–Vietnam DTA Art 4(2)(a)–(d) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source China–Vietnam DTA Art 15(2)(a) — ≤183 days in the calendar year (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source China–Vietnam DTA Art 15 / Art 23; nguon/CN_VN_DTA_1995.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	CN → Vietnam tax
Japan	yes Source Japan–Vietnam DTA 1995; MOF tax convention list; MOF synthesised text Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source Japan–Vietnam DTA Art 4(2)(a)–(d) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source Japan–Vietnam DTA Art 15 — ≤183 days in the calendar year (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source Japan–Vietnam DTA Art 15 / Art 23; nguon/JP_VN_DTA_1995.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	JP → Vietnam tax
United Kingdom	yes Source UK–Vietnam DTA 1994; SI 1994/3216; GOV.UK Vietnam tax treaties Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source SI 1994/3216 Schedule Art 4(2)(a)–(d) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source SI 1994/3216 Schedule Art 15 — 183 days within any 12 months (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source SI 1994/3216 Schedule Art 15 / Art 22; nguon/UK_VN_DTA_1994.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	UK → Vietnam tax
Canada	yes Source Canada–Vietnam Income Tax Agreement; treaty-accord.gc.ca id 102424; Income Tax Conventions Implementation Act, 1998 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog. Art 4 permanent home → centre of vital interests → habitual abode → nationality → mutual agreement Source Canada–Vietnam Income Tax Agreement Art 4(2) — treaty-accord.gc.ca id 102424 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	183 days Source Canada–Vietnam Agreement Art 15(2)(a) — present ≤183 days in any twelve-month period (one of conditions) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	ordinary tax credit Source Canada–Vietnam Income Tax Agreement Art 15 / Art 22; nguon/CA_VN_DTA.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	CA → Vietnam tax
United States	No treaty in force Art 4 yes Source No in-force US–Vietnam income tax treaty → no Art 4 dual-residence cascade between the two states Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	—	domestic foreign tax credit only (Form 1116) — no in-force treaty Source IRS A–Z treaty list — US–Vietnam signed not in force; nguon/US_VN_DTA_STATUS.md Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	US → Vietnam tax

Other headaches on Vietnam SSA · pensions · remittance · traps

Passport	SSA	Pensions	Foreign income	Home traps
AU	no Source DSS International social security agreements — Australia has agreements with 32 listed countries; Vietnam absent from current agreements and from agreements under negotiation on that page Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source [1992] ATS 44 Article 18 paragraph 1 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source au_vn_tax / AU-side traps — residency tests, CGT deemed disposal, superannuation reuse across destinations Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
SG	no Source Singapore has no bilateral social security / CPF totalisation agreement with Vietnam; CPF membership turns on SC/SPR status (CPF Board), not a VN SSA certificate path Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source SSO Order 1994 Art 18 — pensions taxable only in residence state (subject to Art 19) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/SG_SIDE_TRAPS.md — IRAS residence/territorial + IR21 + CPF leave; gates only Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
KR	yes Source MOFA Viet Nam treaty database / NPS — Agreement on social insurance between Korea and Viet Nam; EIF 1 January 2024 (Announcement 50/2023/TB-LPQT) Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Korea–Vietnam DTA Art 18 — pensions taxable only in residence state (subject to Art 19(2)) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/KR_SIDE_TRAPS.md — 183-day residence / worldwide / exit-tax gates; no dollar bills Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
CN	no Source MOHRSS — China bilateral social security agreements in force with listed partners (DE/KR/DK/FI/CA/CH/NL/ES/LU/JP/RS etc.) — Vietnam absent Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source China–Vietnam DTA Art 18(1) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/CN_SIDE_TRAPS.md — 183-day / worldwide / six-year gates Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
JP	no Source MHLW / JPS social security agreement country lists — Vietnam not among agreements in force; MOFA press release 18 July 2025 only announces commencement of intergovernmental negotiations Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Japan–Vietnam DTA Art 18 Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/JP_SIDE_TRAPS.md — domicile/1yr / worldwide / exit tax gates Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
UK	no Source GOV.UK Reciprocal agreements + NI38 country lists do not include Vietnam as a UK social security agreement partner Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source SI 1994/3216 Schedule Art 18(1) — pensions/annuities taxable only in residence state (subject to Art 19(2)) Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/UK_SIDE_TRAPS.md — HS278 / TCGA s10A / FIG regime; gates only, no dollar bills Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
CA	no Source CRA — Countries that have an international social security agreement with Canada — Vietnam absent from the published table (as of page update 2024-07-23) Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	15% Source Canada–Vietnam DTA Art 18(2) — periodic pension payments (other than social-security legislation) source tax ≤15% of gross Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/CA_SIDE_TRAPS.md — CRA emigrant dispositions / ITA s128.1; gates only Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.
US	no Source SSA International Programs — Status of Totalization Agreements / POMS GN 01701.005 country table — Vietnam absent from agreements in force Checked Aug 2026 · Band med · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source IRS tax treaty tables / Pub 901 practice — Vietnam not listed as in-force income tax treaty partner; Nareif treaty table note: signed 2015 not yet in effect — with no in-force DTA there is no treaty pension article to allocate private pensions Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source Luật 109/2025/QH15 Điều 2 khoản 1; NĐ 253/2026/NĐ-CP Điều 6 khoản 2 điểm a Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Open primary URL Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.	yes Source nguon/US_SIDE_TRAPS.md — FBAR / Form 8938 / FEIE gates; PFIC & expatriation dollars not modelled Checked Aug 2026 · Band low · Status fresh Method: figures past 2× SLA hide. See /method · /status · /changelog.